|
|
|
|
"ACUTE * COPPER POISONINGChronic ingestion of copper results in the breakdown of blood cells which produces the main clinical sign of blood staining in the urine. PREVALENCE The incidence of copper poisoning in cattle is very low and most cases occur in young animals. AETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS Adult cattle appear to be able to tolerate the continuous intake of relatively large amounts of copper without ill effects. However young cattle, particularly young calves are more susceptible to the effects of ‘chronic copper poisoning *. Large amounts of copper can be retained in the liver but eventually a point is reached when a large proportion of this stored copper is released into the bloodstream producing a massive breakdown of red blood cells. Although the condition is due to ingestion of excess amounts of copper over a prolonged period the clinical disease presents as an acute syndrome. Most cases arise due to environmental contamination but occasionally cases occur when copper supplemented food (e.g. concentrates prepared for pigs) is fed.CLINICAL SIGNS These are of sudden onset. Affected animals are dull and anorexic. Red stained urine and marked jaundice are seen. Fever is not a feature. Deaths usually occur within a few days. Recovery has been reported. It would appear that stress, e.g. weaning, can precipitate the onset of clinical signs. TREATMENT There is no specific treatment. The source of copper should be eliminated. |
|