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Pyelonephritis This is a bacterial infection of the kidney tissues, most cases affect both kidneys and many originate from infection further down the urinary tract. E.coli is the most commonly isolated organism. Initially there is swelling of the kidney tissue and collection of pus within the parenchyma, as the organ starts to heal it contracts and fibroses leading to scar formation within the kidney. In the initial acute phase of the infection the dog develops fever, inappetance, lethargy, and abdominal pain associated with the kidneys. Blood is likely to be mixed with the urine, in the later stage, if severe enough, chronic renal failure may develop with the onset of uraemia. Blood tests will show abnormal proportions of white blood cells, as well as raised urea and creatinine levels. Urine analysis will reveal blood, pus, protein and bacteria. Treatment involves antibiotics which ideally should be chosen on the basis of sensitivity testing on the bacteria involved. At least a 10 day course is recommended after which the urine should be rechecked for bacteria and the antibiotics continued if necessary until clear. Diuretics such as frusemide can be used to increase urine production. |
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